Zadanie 3.1 – Matura Dwujęzyczna 2026 – Fizjologia roślin

Dział: Fizjologia roślin, Metabolizm

Treść wprowadzająca

The microscopic image A shows the internal structure of guard cells in Pancratium maritimum, a species belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family. A feature of these plants is the presence of connections between the stomata (the connection is marked with an arrow in Photograph B1). The following hypothesis was formulated: Connections between the stomata are formed by cytoplasmic strands. Three experiments were carried out to verify this hypothesis. Experiment 1. The stomata of P. maritimum were treated for 12 minutes with a 3% solution of pectinase, an enzyme that digests pectin (which is a mixture of polysaccharides). Photographs B1–B4 show the successive stages of the experiment. Experiment 2. P. maritimum leaf epidermis cells were treated with a hypertonic mannitol solution. The presence of connections between stomata was observed after 5 and 20 minutes. The results of the experiment are presented in photographs C1 and C2 below. The cell protoplasts that underwent plasmolysis are marked with asterisks. The connections between stomata are marked with arrows. Experiment 3. P. maritimum leaf epidermis cells were stained with a 1% solution of toluidine blue, a dye used to test for lignin bound to cellulose fibres. The outcome of this experiment is presented in photographs D1 and D2 below. The connections between stomata are marked with arrows.

Polecenie

Decide whether the hypothesis formulated by the researchers was supported or rejected. Give the reasoning behind your answer, referring to the results of the three experiments.

Materiał źródłowy

Zadanie 3.1 – Matura Dwujęzyczna 2026 – Fizjologia roślin — ilustracja 1Zadanie 3.1 – Matura Dwujęzyczna 2026 – Fizjologia roślin — ilustracja 2Zadanie 3.1 – Matura Dwujęzyczna 2026 – Fizjologia roślin — ilustracja 3

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